The cyst fluid cytology test is the evaluation of the cells present in a fluid sample that is taken from a cyst. The test is largely helpful in the diagnosis of cancerous masses or lumps, fluid filled ovarian cysts, masses in the neck, and other lumps. Cyst of the thyroid gland may also be evaluated using this test.
This test is usually not a routine lab test. It is used to screen for cancerous diseases. The test may also be used as a follow up on the treatment, allowing the doctor to make sure that the treatment is effective.
This test is particularly done when the doctor suspects a cyst in the central nervous system, ovaries, thyroid and neck. There is no typical frequency of the test. Since it is a screening test, the frequency of this test may be dependent on many other factors.
The test requires a fine needle aspiration biopsy and therefore a written consent is required from the patient. To test the ovarian cyst fluid for example, a woman may have to sign a disclaimer, providing a written consent. If you are allergic to something, you may discuss it with your healthcare practitioner. Any other medical conditions or medications that you may be taking should also be discussed at length.
Usually, a fine needle is used to collect fluids from the cyst. In certain cases, a tissue sample of the cyst may be taken. For instance, a ruptured ovarian cyst fluid may not be easily collected. For this then a tissue sample of the cyst is taken using an aspiration biopsy.
To obtain a fresh sample, first the area is cleaned and a local anesthetic is applied on the area where the needle has to be inserted. A syringe is then used to withdraw the fluid. If the fluid is not present, the needle may simply be moved back and forth to obtain a tissue sample. The needle is then removed after the sample collection is complete.
After the biopsy, the area on the skin may continue to be sore for a day or two. You may put a bandage over the biopsy site for some time. The procedure is almost always done on cysts. Though there are no specific risks, depending on the site of the biopsy, there may be minor bleeding or bruising.
The test results vary depending on the age, gender and the medical history of the patient. In children and adults, a negative result is normal.