A barium enema is a procedure used to produce images of the colon and rectum for analysis. These images are produced using imaging devices such as X-ray machines, CT scanners or MRI machines. The images produced in such scans are used to determine if there is some problem in the structure of the colon and the rectum. The procedure involves the use of a contrast material that is inserted into the body through the anus. This contrast material helps to highlight the lining of the colon and the rectum. These areas will then become much more clearly visible in scans that are taken. The use of a contrast material is essential, as this is the only way in which these areas can be clearly looked at. One limitation of the test is that it can only be used to look at the structural aspects of these parts of the digestive system.
Before the barium enema procedure, the patient will need to follow a specific barium enema diet. The barium enema diet is essential to ensure that the individual’s bowels are clear by the time the test is being performed. When the test is scheduled, the patient will first be asked to reduce a few items of food. On the subsequent day, the foods will be changed to an all liquid barium enema diet. The night before the test, the patient will have to avoid all foods. This will ensure that there is no fecal matter left in the body as the patient prepares for the test.
The barium enema diet is thus restrictive when it comes to the foods that the patient is allowed to eat. The barium enema diet is even restrictive when it comes to what liquids the patient is allowed to consume. Clear liquids are the only liquids allowed in the barium enema diet. This will ensure that there is no solid material in the body. Clear fluids tend to be absorbed completely and these will therefore not affect the colon.
After the barium enema procedure, the barium enema diet will be relatively normal. The patient may be asked to consume a meal with some carbohydrates in it to ensure that his or her body gets properly nourished immediately after the test. Most patients will also feel the urge to defecate after the procedure. Proper nutrition is essential after the test to ensure that any loss of hydration is taken care of immediately.